Case studies

4000+
of something
February 2025
Security Audit

KILT is a protocol for self-sovereign data and interoperability built on top of the permissionless KILT blockchain. Secured by Polkadot, it’s secure, sustainable, and practical, with open-source tools, fiat payment options, and W3C-recognized DIDs driving global adoption.

Rust
Polkadot
View Report
4000+
of something
May 2023 - September 2024
Interoperability Research

- Architecture of DEX
- Atomic Swap prototype

Solidity
TON
DEX
Ethereum
4000+
of something
August 2024
Custom Development

Helios represents a shift toward truly trustless blockchain interaction. Unlike traditional RPC providers that require users to trust third-party infrastructure, Helios enables direct verification of blockchain data. With Helios, you get the power and security of a full node in a lightweight package—perfect for dApps, wallets, or any platform looking for seamless, decentralized integration.

Ethereum
Cross-chain
View Source
4000+
of something
axelar network
August 2024
Security Audit
X

Axelar is a cross-chain General Message Passing platform unlocking cross-chain swaps and calls across multiple networks. The audit was conducted on Code4rena and included thorough code review of Interchain Token Service contracts and gateways on Ethereum and Cosmos

Cross-chain
DEX
Ethereum
Solidity
4000+
of something
July 2024
Security Audit
X
oak

Dusk is a L1 blockchain built from scratch to fill the gap in Web3: native private transactions, regulatory-compliant. Rusk is the official Dusk protocol node client and smart contract platform. During the audit, both consensus algorithm and node implementation has been reviewed

L1
RocksDB
Rust
4000+
of something
November 2023
Security Audit
X
oak

— interoperability framework:

- Merkle tree performance analysis
- CosmWasm contracts and security modules
- Major and Critical vulnerabilities found

Rust
CosmWasm
Cross-chain
Merkle trees
4000+
of something
Timewave Computer
November 2023
Security Audit
X
oak

— Valence Services

Rust
CosmWasm
DeFi
4000+
of something
October 2023
Security Audit
X
oak
Rust
CosmWasm
DEX
DeFi
4000+
of something
August 2023
Security Audit
X
oak

— bridge from Ethereum to Polkadot:

- Beacon chain light client built as parachain
- Asset Hub and Bridge Hub parachains
- BEEFY light client built as Solidity smart contract

Ethereum
Polkadot
Cross-chain
Light client
Rust
Solidity
Substrate
Merkle trees
4000+
of something
Centauri
June 2023
Security Audit
X
oak

— bridge from Cosmos to Polkadot:

- GRANDPA finality proofs verification
- CosmWasm contract and IBC messaging
- Major and Critical vulnerabilities found

CosmWasm
Polkadot
Cross-chain
Light client
Rust
Substrate
Merkle trees
SSZ-RS
4000+
of something
June 2023
Security Audit
X
oak

This library is Ethereum's serialization scheme implemented in Rust and is crucial for building Ethereum consensus clients in Rust. It made possible fast, secure serialization and Merkleization of Ethereum consensus data in Rust. With SSZ, Ethereum 2.0 achieved scalable, verifiable state transitions, efficient light clients, and secure consensus through hash tree roots and compact proofs. This enabled high performance, trustless validation, and composable protocols powering Ethereum’s decentralized upgrades and innovations.

Ethereum
Rust
L1
4000+
of something
March 2023
Security Audit
X
oak

— platform for DAOs:

- Vesting contract
- Payroll factory

Rust
CosmWasm
DAO
4000+
of something
Nym
January 2023
Security Audit
X
oak

— anonymization network:

- architecture of Mixnet
- whitepaper validation
- Vesting contracts

CosmWasm
Rust
DeFi
Mixnet
4000+
of something
October 2022
Interoperability Research

- custom Substrate network
- custom Polygon Edge network
- scalability analysis of EVM-networks
- performance analysis, stress testing
- test deployments of ChainBridge
- test deployments of Avalanche
- test deployments of Fantom

EVM
Solidity
Polygon
Substrate
Polkadot
Avalanche
Fantom
4000+
of something
2019-2020
Custom Development

In our collaboration with Parity Technologies, we developed a sleek and efficient DevOps-friendly CLI toolset for interacting with the Polkadot mainnet and custom Substrate networks. This toolset proves particularly beneficial for testing smart contracts and facilitating rapid prototyping.We're proud that it has offered support for EVM since 2019!

Polkadot
Ethereum
TypeScript
View Source
4000+
of something
2014
Formal Verification

Our 2014 research, conducted in partnership with JetBrains, focused on Formal Verification and its industrial applications. To facilitate this, we enhanced the renowned Coq proof assistant, enabling it to automatically generate fully functional Java code from Coq specifications. This advancement permits the initial description and mathematical proof of a software system's core properties, followed by seamless integration into a more extensive framework.

OCaml
Formal Verification
Coq
Java
View Source
4000+
of something
February 2025
Security Audit

KILT is a protocol for self-sovereign data and interoperability built on top of the permissionless KILT blockchain. Secured by Polkadot, it’s secure, sustainable, and practical, with open-source tools, fiat payment options, and W3C-recognized DIDs driving global adoption.

Rust
Polkadot
View Report
4000+
of something
July 2024
Security Audit
X
oak

Dusk is a L1 blockchain built from scratch to fill the gap in Web3: native private transactions, regulatory-compliant. Rusk is the official Dusk protocol node client and smart contract platform. During the audit, both consensus algorithm and node implementation has been reviewed

L1
RocksDB
Rust
4000+
of something
November 2023
Security Audit
X
oak

— interoperability framework:

- Merkle tree performance analysis
- CosmWasm contracts and security modules
- Major and Critical vulnerabilities found

Rust
CosmWasm
Cross-chain
Merkle trees
4000+
of something
Timewave Computer
November 2023
Security Audit
X
oak

— Valence Services

Rust
CosmWasm
DeFi
4000+
of something
October 2023
Security Audit
X
oak
Rust
CosmWasm
DEX
DeFi
4000+
of something
August 2023
Security Audit
X
oak

— bridge from Ethereum to Polkadot:

- Beacon chain light client built as parachain
- Asset Hub and Bridge Hub parachains
- BEEFY light client built as Solidity smart contract

Ethereum
Polkadot
Cross-chain
Light client
Rust
Solidity
Substrate
Merkle trees
4000+
of something
Centauri
June 2023
Security Audit
X
oak

— bridge from Cosmos to Polkadot:

- GRANDPA finality proofs verification
- CosmWasm contract and IBC messaging
- Major and Critical vulnerabilities found

CosmWasm
Polkadot
Cross-chain
Light client
Rust
Substrate
Merkle trees
SSZ-RS
4000+
of something
June 2023
Security Audit
X
oak

This library is Ethereum's serialization scheme implemented in Rust and is crucial for building Ethereum consensus clients in Rust. It made possible fast, secure serialization and Merkleization of Ethereum consensus data in Rust. With SSZ, Ethereum 2.0 achieved scalable, verifiable state transitions, efficient light clients, and secure consensus through hash tree roots and compact proofs. This enabled high performance, trustless validation, and composable protocols powering Ethereum’s decentralized upgrades and innovations.

Ethereum
Rust
L1
4000+
of something
March 2023
Security Audit
X
oak

— platform for DAOs:

- Vesting contract
- Payroll factory

Rust
CosmWasm
DAO
4000+
of something
Nym
January 2023
Security Audit
X
oak

— anonymization network:

- architecture of Mixnet
- whitepaper validation
- Vesting contracts

CosmWasm
Rust
DeFi
Mixnet
4000+
of something
May 2023 - September 2024
Interoperability Research

- Architecture of DEX
- Atomic Swap prototype

Solidity
TON
DEX
Ethereum
4000+
of something
axelar network
August 2024
Security Audit
X

Axelar is a cross-chain General Message Passing platform unlocking cross-chain swaps and calls across multiple networks. The audit was conducted on Code4rena and included thorough code review of Interchain Token Service contracts and gateways on Ethereum and Cosmos

Cross-chain
DEX
Ethereum
Solidity
4000+
of something
August 2023
Security Audit
X
oak

— bridge from Ethereum to Polkadot:

- Beacon chain light client built as parachain
- Asset Hub and Bridge Hub parachains
- BEEFY light client built as Solidity smart contract

Ethereum
Polkadot
Cross-chain
Light client
Rust
Solidity
Substrate
Merkle trees
4000+
of something
October 2022
Interoperability Research

- custom Substrate network
- custom Polygon Edge network
- scalability analysis of EVM-networks
- performance analysis, stress testing
- test deployments of ChainBridge
- test deployments of Avalanche
- test deployments of Fantom

EVM
Solidity
Polygon
Substrate
Polkadot
Avalanche
Fantom
4000+
of something
November 2023
Security Audit
X
oak

— interoperability framework:

- Merkle tree performance analysis
- CosmWasm contracts and security modules
- Major and Critical vulnerabilities found

Rust
CosmWasm
Cross-chain
Merkle trees
4000+
of something
Timewave Computer
November 2023
Security Audit
X
oak

— Valence Services

Rust
CosmWasm
DeFi
4000+
of something
October 2023
Security Audit
X
oak
Rust
CosmWasm
DEX
DeFi
4000+
of something
Centauri
June 2023
Security Audit
X
oak

— bridge from Cosmos to Polkadot:

- GRANDPA finality proofs verification
- CosmWasm contract and IBC messaging
- Major and Critical vulnerabilities found

CosmWasm
Polkadot
Cross-chain
Light client
Rust
Substrate
Merkle trees
4000+
of something
March 2023
Security Audit
X
oak

— platform for DAOs:

- Vesting contract
- Payroll factory

Rust
CosmWasm
DAO
4000+
of something
Nym
January 2023
Security Audit
X
oak

— anonymization network:

- architecture of Mixnet
- whitepaper validation
- Vesting contracts

CosmWasm
Rust
DeFi
Mixnet
4000+
of something
February 2025
Security Audit

KILT is a protocol for self-sovereign data and interoperability built on top of the permissionless KILT blockchain. Secured by Polkadot, it’s secure, sustainable, and practical, with open-source tools, fiat payment options, and W3C-recognized DIDs driving global adoption.

Rust
Polkadot
View Report
4000+
of something
August 2023
Security Audit
X
oak

— bridge from Ethereum to Polkadot:

- Beacon chain light client built as parachain
- Asset Hub and Bridge Hub parachains
- BEEFY light client built as Solidity smart contract

Ethereum
Polkadot
Cross-chain
Light client
Rust
Solidity
Substrate
Merkle trees
4000+
of something
Centauri
June 2023
Security Audit
X
oak

— bridge from Cosmos to Polkadot:

- GRANDPA finality proofs verification
- CosmWasm contract and IBC messaging
- Major and Critical vulnerabilities found

CosmWasm
Polkadot
Cross-chain
Light client
Rust
Substrate
Merkle trees
4000+
of something
October 2022
Interoperability Research

- custom Substrate network
- custom Polygon Edge network
- scalability analysis of EVM-networks
- performance analysis, stress testing
- test deployments of ChainBridge
- test deployments of Avalanche
- test deployments of Fantom

EVM
Solidity
Polygon
Substrate
Polkadot
Avalanche
Fantom
4000+
of something
2019-2020
Custom Development

In our collaboration with Parity Technologies, we developed a sleek and efficient DevOps-friendly CLI toolset for interacting with the Polkadot mainnet and custom Substrate networks. This toolset proves particularly beneficial for testing smart contracts and facilitating rapid prototyping.We're proud that it has offered support for EVM since 2019!

Polkadot
Ethereum
TypeScript
View Source
4000+
of something
August 2024
Custom Development

Helios represents a shift toward truly trustless blockchain interaction. Unlike traditional RPC providers that require users to trust third-party infrastructure, Helios enables direct verification of blockchain data. With Helios, you get the power and security of a full node in a lightweight package—perfect for dApps, wallets, or any platform looking for seamless, decentralized integration.

Ethereum
Cross-chain
View Source
4000+
of something
May 2023 - September 2024
Interoperability Research

- Architecture of DEX
- Atomic Swap prototype

Solidity
TON
DEX
Ethereum
4000+
of something
axelar network
August 2024
Security Audit
X

Axelar is a cross-chain General Message Passing platform unlocking cross-chain swaps and calls across multiple networks. The audit was conducted on Code4rena and included thorough code review of Interchain Token Service contracts and gateways on Ethereum and Cosmos

Cross-chain
DEX
Ethereum
Solidity
4000+
of something
August 2023
Security Audit
X
oak

— bridge from Ethereum to Polkadot:

- Beacon chain light client built as parachain
- Asset Hub and Bridge Hub parachains
- BEEFY light client built as Solidity smart contract

Ethereum
Polkadot
Cross-chain
Light client
Rust
Solidity
Substrate
Merkle trees
SSZ-RS
4000+
of something
June 2023
Security Audit
X
oak

This library is Ethereum's serialization scheme implemented in Rust and is crucial for building Ethereum consensus clients in Rust. It made possible fast, secure serialization and Merkleization of Ethereum consensus data in Rust. With SSZ, Ethereum 2.0 achieved scalable, verifiable state transitions, efficient light clients, and secure consensus through hash tree roots and compact proofs. This enabled high performance, trustless validation, and composable protocols powering Ethereum’s decentralized upgrades and innovations.

Ethereum
Rust
L1
4000+
of something
2019-2020
Custom Development

In our collaboration with Parity Technologies, we developed a sleek and efficient DevOps-friendly CLI toolset for interacting with the Polkadot mainnet and custom Substrate networks. This toolset proves particularly beneficial for testing smart contracts and facilitating rapid prototyping.We're proud that it has offered support for EVM since 2019!

Polkadot
Ethereum
TypeScript
View Source
4000+
of something
August 2023
Security Audit
X
oak

— bridge from Ethereum to Polkadot:

- Beacon chain light client built as parachain
- Asset Hub and Bridge Hub parachains
- BEEFY light client built as Solidity smart contract

Ethereum
Polkadot
Cross-chain
Light client
Rust
Solidity
Substrate
Merkle trees
4000+
of something
Centauri
June 2023
Security Audit
X
oak

— bridge from Cosmos to Polkadot:

- GRANDPA finality proofs verification
- CosmWasm contract and IBC messaging
- Major and Critical vulnerabilities found

CosmWasm
Polkadot
Cross-chain
Light client
Rust
Substrate
Merkle trees
4000+
of something
October 2022
Interoperability Research

- custom Substrate network
- custom Polygon Edge network
- scalability analysis of EVM-networks
- performance analysis, stress testing
- test deployments of ChainBridge
- test deployments of Avalanche
- test deployments of Fantom

EVM
Solidity
Polygon
Substrate
Polkadot
Avalanche
Fantom

Contact

Whether you're gearing up for a thorough audit or are still in the planning stages of your project, we encourage you to get in touch. Our expertise extends to architecture and security consulting, catering to a diverse range of needs. Rest assured, all inquiries are attentively processed during business hours. You can expect a response within an hour; however, we appreciate your patience if it occasionally takes a few days.

Thank you for your inquiry! We've received your message and will respond soon.
Oops! Something went wrong while submitting the form.